Tafsir 28. Al Qasas

H 783, Ch. 70, h 1 Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from al-Washsha’ from Aban ibn ‘Uthman from abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who has said the following: “Once abu Ja‘far, recipient of divine supreme covenant, looked at abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, who was walking. The Imam asked, ‘Do you see this (person)? This person is of those about whom Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has said, “However, We have decided to grant a favor to the suppressed ones on earth by means of appointing them leaders and heirs of the land. (28:5)’”

Just as Lady Mariam AS received inspiration from Allah (3:42) , Nabi Musa mother also recieved inspiration, Allah will inspire whom He wants.

H 11308, Ch. 41, h 5 Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from those whom he has mentioned who has said the following: “About the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, quoting Musa, ‘Alayhi alSalam, ‘My Lord, I am in great need of the good things You have sent to me…’ (28:24) Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘He (Moses) asked for food.’”

H 9723, Ch. 72, h 1 A number of our people have narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father all from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “I once asked abu al-Hassan, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the meaning of the words of Shu‘ayb, ‘(Shu‘ayb) said to (Moses), “I want to give one of my daughters to you in marriage on the condition that you will work for me for eight years, but you may continue for two more years only out of your own accord”’ (28:27) and that which one of the terms he completed. He (the Imam) said, ‘Completion was of the longest term which was ten years.’ I then asked, ‘Did he go to bed before completing the term or afterwards?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It was before completing the terms.’ I then asked, ‘If a man marries a woman and stipulates with her father for the wages of two months if it is permissible.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Moses knew that he will complete the terms. How can this man know that he remains alive until the time of paying? At the time of the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, people married women for teaching a chapter of al-Quran, for one dirham and for one handful of wheat.’”

H 562, Ch. 25, h2 Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad and Muhammad ibn al-Husayn from Muhammad ibn Yahya from Talha ibn Zayd from abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, who has said the following: “‘A’immah mentioned in the book of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, are of two kinds. Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High has said, (1) ‘We appointed them as ‘A’immah (leaders) to guide the people through Our command . . .’ (21:73) They do so but not because of the commands of the people. They allow Our command to come first and before their own orders, and Our laws before their own laws and judgment. (2) Allah has also said, ‘We made them the kinds of Imams (leaders) who invite people to the fire . . .’ (28:41) They (this kind of Imam) make their own commands to come before the commands of Allah and their laws before the laws of Allah. They follow their desires against what the book of Allah, the Most Holy, and the Most High, requires.’”

H 546, Ch. 20, h9 Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “Once I wrote a letter to Imam al-Rida, recipient of divine supreme covenant.. The issues for which I requested explanation in the letter, one was about the words of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, ‘Ask the people of Dhikr (people who remind of Allah) if you do not know.’ The other question was about the words of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, ‘Not all believers have to become specialists in religious learning. Why do not certain persons from each group of believers seek to become specialists in religious learning and, after completing their studies, guide their group so that they will have fear of Allah?’ (9:122) The above passages say that it is made obligatory upon them to ask but it is not made obligatory upon you to answer.’ “The Imam, recipient of divine supreme covenant, answered, ‘Allah the Most Holy, the Most High, has said, “If they do not do what you ask them, know that they are only following their (evil) desires. Who strays more than one who follows his desires without guidance from Allah? . . .’” (28:50)

H 963, Ch. 86, h 1 A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad (from) ibn abu Nasr who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Gracious: ‘Who strays more than one who follows his desires without guidance from Allah? . . .’ (28:50), abu al-Hassan, recipient of divine supreme covenant, has said, ‘It refers to those who consider their own opinions as their religion without a true Imam from the ‘A’immah (Leaders with Divine Authority).’”

H 2230, CH 93, h 1 Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hisham ibn Salim and others from abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, who has said the following: “About the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘These will receive double reward for their forbearance, replacing evil by virtue. . . .,’ (28:54) the Imam said, ‘Their excercising patience with observing al-Taqiyyah (cautious protective measures) and their repelling evil by means of good deeds means: al-Taqiyyah is a good deed and publicity or disregarding al-Taqiyyah is evil.’”

H 511, Ch. 13, h3 Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar from ibn Fadala from Tha‘laba ibn Maymun from abu al-Jarud who has said the following: “Once I said to (Imam) abu Ja‘far, recipient of divine supreme covenant, ‘Allah has given a great deal of good to the people of the heavenly books.’ He (the Imam), recipient of divine supreme covenant, then asked, ‘What is it?’ I then said it is said in the words of Allah, ‘Of those to whom We have given the book before him (Prophet Muhammad) they believe in him . . . These will receive double reward for their forbearance. . . .’ (28:54) “He (the Imam), recipient of divine supreme covenant, said, ‘Allah has given you also a great deal of good as He has given to them,’ and he recited, ‘Believers, have fear of Allah and believe in His Messenger. Allah will grant you a double share of mercy, a light by which you can walk . . .’ (57:28) The ‘light’ mentioned in this verse stands for the Imam, recipient of divine supreme covenant, whom you follow.’”

H 2218, CH 90, h 4 Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from

ibn Faddal from Ali ibn ‘Uqbah from his father who has said the following: “Once abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, said, ‘Keep your cause (belief), for the sake of Allah and do not make it for people; what is for Allah is for Allah and what is for people cannot ascend to heaven. Do not argue with people about your religion; argumentation causes sickness to the heart. Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, has said to His Holy Prophet, ‘(Muhammad), you cannot guide whomever you love, but Allah guides whomever He wants. . . .’ (28:56) He has also said, ‘. . . (Muhammad), do you force people to have faith’? (10:99). Leave the people alone; they take it from people and you take it from the Messenger of Allah and from Amir al-Mu’minin (Ali ibn abu Talib), recipients of divine supreme covenant, and this is not equal. I heard my father saying, ‘When Allah writes for a servant to enter into this cause (belief of Ahl al-Bayt) he rushes to it quicker than a bird to its nest.’”

H 423, Ch. 35, h3 A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Ali ibn ‘Uqba from his father who said the following: 

A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn Faddal from Ali ibn ‘Uqba from his father who said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, saying, ‘Leave your affairs to Allah and do not leave them to the people. Whatever is for Allah it is for Him. Whatever is for people it will not rise up to Allah. Do not quarrel with people about your belief; quarrelling sickens the heart. Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, said to His Prophet (Muhammad), recipient of divine supreme covenant, ‘you cannot guide whomever you love, but Allah guides whomever He wants and knows best those who seek guidance.’ (28:56) ‘(Muhammad), do you force people to have faith?’ (10:99) “Leave the people alone; people learn from people and you have learned from the Messenger of Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant. I heard my father, recipient of divine supreme covenant, saying, ‘When Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, writes for a person to enter in this belief he will do so faster than the flight of a bird to its nest.’”

H 315, Ch. 16, h11 Ahmad ibn Mihran has narrated from ‘Abd al-‘Azim ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Hassani from Ali ibn Asbat. From Sulayman Mawla Tirbal from Hisham al-Jawaliqi who said the following: “Once I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, about the meaning of the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, Glorious Allah (Quran, 12:108, 23:91, 28:68, 37:159, 52:43, 59:23). The Imam replied, ‘They refer to Allah’s being above all things in perfection.’”

Means that there will always be a way to recognise Allah, everything will come and go except Allah and the ability to recognise His existence.

H 350, Ch. 23, h2 A number of our people have narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Khalid from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn abu Nasr from Safwan al-Jammal from (Imam) abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, the following: “Once I asked (Imam) abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, about the meaning of the words of Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, ‘everything will be destroyed except the face of Allah. . . .’ (28:88) “The Imam said, ‘It means whoever comes to Allah through obeying His commandments, i.e. following Prophet Muhammad, recipient of divine supreme covenant, is the ‘Face’ (the aspect of Allah’s relation with people) of Allah that does not perish. So also are His words, “One who obeys the Messenger has certainly obeyed Allah. . . .’” (4:80)

H 313, Ch. 16, h 4 – Graded Sahih by Alama Majlisi

The Imam said, “There is nothing in the universe, but that is subject to annihilation, alteration, change, decay, transition from one color to another, from one shape to another and from one quality to another. They increase, decrease and change from decrease to increase, except He, Who is the Lord of the worlds. He alone is eternal and in one state. He is the first, before every thing and the last eternally. His attributes and names do not change as they do in the case of others. A man at one time is dust, at other time flesh and blood, then turns into decaying bones and finally becomes dust. A piece of date  at one time is raw, at another time ripe, mature and then it dries up. With every change, the names and attributes also change. Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious is different from all such things.” 

So everything is created, changes, destroys, except Allah, He is the constant, the necessary thing that allows anything else to exist.