Al-Muminoon

1قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
23|1|Successful are the believers.

H 1012, Ch. 95, h 5 Ali ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Barqi from his father from Muhammad ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from Mansur ibn Yunus from Bashir al-Dahhan from Kamil al-Tammar who has said the following: “Abu Ja‘far, recipient of divine supreme covenant, has said about the words of Allah: ‘Triumphant indeed are the believers.’ (23:1) ‘Do you know who the “Triumphants” are?’ I said, ‘You know best.’ He said, ‘Triumphant indeed are the believers, who are Muslims (submissive to Allah). The Muslims are noble people. The believers are rare. Best wishes for the believers.’”

2الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ
23|2|Those who are humble in their prayers.

H 4894, Ch. 16, h 3 Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Hammad from al-Halabiy who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that when you are in your Salat (prayer), you must be humble and attentive in it; Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, has said, ‘Those who are humble during their Salat (prayer) (are of the true believers)’ (23:2).”

3وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنِ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ
23|3|Those who avoid nonsense.
4وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِلزَّكَاةِ فَاعِلُونَ
23|4|Those who work for charity.
5وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِفُرُوجِهِمْ حَافِظُونَ
23|5|Those who safeguard their chastity.

H 9888, Ch. 97, h 2 It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Abbas ibn Musa from Ishaq from abu Sarah who has said the following: “This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about it (al-Mut‘ah (advantageous marriage)). He (the Imam) said to me, ‘It is lawful but you must not marry except those who possess chastity; Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, says, “. . .those who protect their private organs.”(23:5) Therefore, do not marry one whom you cannot trust about your dirham.’”

6إِلَّا عَلَىٰ أَزْوَاجِهِمْ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ غَيْرُ مَلُومِينَ
23|6|Except from their spouses, or their dependents—for then they are free from blame.
7فَمَنِ ابْتَغَىٰ وَرَاءَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْعَادُونَ
23|7|But whoever seeks anything beyond that—these are the transgressors.
8وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِأَمَانَاتِهِمْ وَعَهْدِهِمْ رَاعُونَ
23|8|Those who are faithful to their trusts and pledges.
9وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلَىٰ صَلَوَاتِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ
23|9|Those who safeguard their prayers.

H 4785, Ch. 2, h 12 It narrated through the same chain of narrators from Hariz from al-Fudayl who has said the following: “I asked abu Ja‘far, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, ‘Those who are protective of their Salat (prayers)” (23:9). The Imam said, ’It means obligatory prayer.’ I then asked about, ‘Those who are ever observing their prayer’ (70:23). The Imam said, ‘It means optional prayers.’”

10أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْوَارِثُونَ
23|10|These are the inheritors.
11الَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الْفِرْدَوْسَ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ
23|11|Who will inherit Paradise, wherein they will dwell forever.
12وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنسَانَ مِن سُلَالَةٍ مِّن طِينٍ
23|12|We created man from an extract of clay.
13ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاهُ نُطْفَةً فِي قَرَارٍ مَّكِينٍ
23|13|Then We made him a seed, in a secure repository.
14ثُمَّ خَلَقْنَا النُّطْفَةَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْعَلَقَةَ مُضْغَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْمُضْغَةَ عِظَامًا فَكَسَوْنَا الْعِظَامَ لَحْمًا ثُمَّ أَنشَأْنَاهُ خَلْقًا آخَرَ ۚ فَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ
23|14|Then We developed the seed into a clot. Then We developed the clot into a lump. Then We developed the lump into bones. Then We clothed the bones with flesh. Then We produced it into another creature. Most Blessed is God, the Best of Creators.

From Sheikh Saduq : the belief concerning the spirit is that it is not a kind of body, but is a different creation, on account of His word: “And then (We) produced it as another creation” [23, 14].

15ثُمَّ إِنَّكُم بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ لَمَيِّتُونَ
23|15|Then, after that, you will die.
16ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تُبْعَثُونَ
23|16|Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will be resurrected.
17وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا فَوْقَكُمْ سَبْعَ طَرَائِقَ وَمَا كُنَّا عَنِ الْخَلْقِ غَافِلِينَ
23|17|We created above you seven pathways, and We are never heedless of the creation.
18وَأَنزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً بِقَدَرٍ فَأَسْكَنَّاهُ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ ذَهَابٍ بِهِ لَقَادِرُونَ
23|18|And We sent down water from the sky in proper quantity, and settled it in the ground, and We are Able to take it away.

H 11881, Ch. 11, h 4 It is narrated from the narrator of the previous Hadith from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-‘Abbas ibn Ma’ruf from Nawfaliy from al-Ya‘qubiy from “Isa ibn ‘Abd Allah from Sulayman ibn Ja‘far who has said the following: “About the meaning of the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘We sent water from the sky in measures and placed it on earth and We have the power to take it away,’ (23:18) abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘It means canyons and ravines.’”

19فَأَنشَأْنَا لَكُم بِهِ جَنَّاتٍ مِّن نَّخِيلٍ وَأَعْنَابٍ لَّكُمْ فِيهَا فَوَاكِهُ كَثِيرَةٌ وَمِنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ
23|19|With it We produce for you gardens of palms and vines, yielding abundant fruit for you to eat.
20وَشَجَرَةً تَخْرُجُ مِن طُورِ سَيْنَاءَ تَنبُتُ بِالدُّهْنِ وَصِبْغٍ لِّلْآكِلِينَ
23|20|And a tree springing out of Mount Sinai, producing oil, and seasoning for those who eat.
21وَإِنَّ لَكُمْ فِي الْأَنْعَامِ لَعِبْرَةً ۖ نُّسْقِيكُم مِّمَّا فِي بُطُونِهَا وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَنَافِعُ كَثِيرَةٌ وَمِنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ
23|21|And there is a lesson for you in livestock: We give you to drink from what is in their bellies, and you have many benefits in them, and from them you eat.
22وَعَلَيْهَا وَعَلَى الْفُلْكِ تُحْمَلُونَ
23|22|And on them, and on the ships, you are transported.
23وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهٍ غَيْرُهُ ۖ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
23|23|We sent Noah to his people. He said, “O my people, worship God, you have no deity other than Him. Will you not take heed?”
24فَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِن قَوْمِهِ مَا هَٰذَا إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتَفَضَّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَأَنزَلَ مَلَائِكَةً مَّا سَمِعْنَا بِهَٰذَا فِي آبَائِنَا الْأَوَّلِينَ
23|24|But the notables of his people, who disbelieved, said, “This is nothing but a human like you, who wants to gain superiority over you. Had God willed, He would have sent down angels. We never heard of this from our forefathers of old.
25إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ بِهِ جِنَّةٌ فَتَرَبَّصُوا بِهِ حَتَّىٰ حِينٍ
23|25|He is nothing but a man possessed. Just ignore him for a while.”
26قَالَ رَبِّ انصُرْنِي بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ
23|26|He said, “My Lord, help me, for they have rejected me.”
27فَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِ أَنِ اصْنَعِ الْفُلْكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا وَوَحْيِنَا فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَمْرُنَا وَفَارَ التَّنُّورُ ۙ فَاسْلُكْ فِيهَا مِن كُلٍّ زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَهْلَكَ إِلَّا مَن سَبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلُ مِنْهُمْ ۖ وَلَا تُخَاطِبْنِي فِي الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا ۖ إِنَّهُم مُّغْرَقُونَ
23|27|So We inspired him: “Build the Ark under Our observation and by Our inspiration. And when Our decree comes to pass, and the oven boils over, load into it two pairs of every kind, together with your family, except those of them against whom the word has already been pronounced. And do not speak to me concerning those who did wrong; for they are to be drowned.”
28فَإِذَا اسْتَوَيْتَ أَنتَ وَمَن مَّعَكَ عَلَى الْفُلْكِ فَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي نَجَّانَا مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
23|28|Then, when you and those with you are settled in the Ark, say, “Praise be to God, who has saved us from the wrongdoing people.”
29وَقُل رَّبِّ أَنزِلْنِي مُنزَلًا مُّبَارَكًا وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ الْمُنزِلِينَ
23|29|And say, “My Lord, land me with a blessed landing, as you are the best of transporters.”
30إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ وَإِن كُنَّا لَمُبْتَلِينَ
23|30|Surely in that are signs. We are always testing.
31ثُمَّ أَنشَأْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ قَرْنًا آخَرِينَ
23|31|Then, after them, We established another generation.
32فَأَرْسَلْنَا فِيهِمْ رَسُولًا مِّنْهُمْ أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنْ إِلَٰهٍ غَيْرُهُ ۖ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
23|32|And We sent among them a messenger from themselves: “Serve God. You have no god other than Him. Will you not be cautious?”
33وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَكَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ وَأَتْرَفْنَاهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا مَا هَٰذَا إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يَأْكُلُ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ مِنْهُ وَيَشْرَبُ مِمَّا تَشْرَبُونَ
23|33|But the dignitaries of his people, those who disbelieved and denied the meeting of the Hereafter, and We had indulged them in the present life, said, “This is nothing but a human like you; he eats what you eat, and he drinks what you drink.
34وَلَئِنْ أَطَعْتُم بَشَرًا مِّثْلَكُمْ إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا لَّخَاسِرُونَ
23|34|If you obey a human being like yourselves, then you will be losers.
35أَيَعِدُكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ إِذَا مِتُّمْ وَكُنتُمْ تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَنَّكُم مُّخْرَجُونَ
23|35|Does he promise you that when you have died and become dust and bones, you will be brought out?
36۞ هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ لِمَا تُوعَدُونَ
23|36|Farfetched, farfetched is what you are promised.
37إِنْ هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَبْعُوثِينَ
23|37|There is nothing but our life in this world. We die, and we live, and we are not resurrected.
38إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا وَمَا نَحْنُ لَهُ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ
23|38|He is nothing but a man, making up lies about God. We have no faith in him.”
39قَالَ رَبِّ انصُرْنِي بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ
23|39|He said, “My Lord, help me, for they have rejected me.”
40قَالَ عَمَّا قَلِيلٍ لَّيُصْبِحُنَّ نَادِمِينَ
23|40|He said, “Soon they will be filled with regret.”
41فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ بِالْحَقِّ فَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ غُثَاءً ۚ فَبُعْدًا لِّلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
23|41|Then the Blast struck them, justifiably, and We turned them into scum. So away with the wicked people.
42ثُمَّ أَنشَأْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِمْ قُرُونًا آخَرِينَ
23|42|Then, after them, We raised other generations.
43مَا تَسْبِقُ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ
23|43|No nation can advance its time, nor can they postpone it.
44ثُمَّ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا تَتْرَىٰ ۖ كُلَّ مَا جَاءَ أُمَّةً رَّسُولُهَا كَذَّبُوهُ ۚ فَأَتْبَعْنَا بَعْضَهُم بَعْضًا وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَحَادِيثَ ۚ فَبُعْدًا لِّقَوْمٍ لَّا يُؤْمِنُونَ
23|44|Then We sent Our messengers in succession. Every time a messenger came to his community, they called him a liar. So We made them follow one another, and made them history. So away with a people who do not believe.
45ثُمَّ أَرْسَلْنَا مُوسَىٰ وَأَخَاهُ هَارُونَ بِآيَاتِنَا وَسُلْطَانٍ مُّبِينٍ
23|45|Then We sent Moses and his brother Aaron, with Our signs and a clear authority.
46إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِ فَاسْتَكْبَرُوا وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا عَالِينَ
23|46|To Pharaoh and his nobles, but they turned arrogant. They were oppressive people.
47فَقَالُوا أَنُؤْمِنُ لِبَشَرَيْنِ مِثْلِنَا وَقَوْمُهُمَا لَنَا عَابِدُونَ
23|47|They said, “Are we to believe in two mortals like us, and their people are our slaves?”
48فَكَذَّبُوهُمَا فَكَانُوا مِنَ الْمُهْلَكِينَ
23|48|So they called them liars, and thus were among those destroyed.
49وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَهْتَدُونَ
23|49|And We gave Moses the Scripture, that they may be guided.
50وَجَعَلْنَا ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَأُمَّهُ آيَةً وَآوَيْنَاهُمَا إِلَىٰ رَبْوَةٍ ذَاتِ قَرَارٍ وَمَعِينٍ
23|50|And We made Mary’s son and his mother a sign, and We sheltered them on high ground with security and flowing springs.
51يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا ۖ إِنِّي بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ
23|51|O messengers, eat of the good things, and act with integrity. I am aware of what you do.

H 701, Ch. 53, h 6 Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from al-Barqi from abu Talib from Sadir who has said the following: “Once I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, ‘A certain group of people believes that you (‘A’immah) are gods. They read to us from the the Holy Quran about it such as, “And it is He Who in heaven is the Lord and on earth is the Lord.” (43:84) The Imam said, ‘O Sadir, my hearing, my sight, my skin, my flesh, my blood and my hair all disdain such people, and Allah also disdains them. They do not follow my religion and the religion of my ancestors. I swear by Allah, Allah will not place me with them on the Day of Resurrection. The only thing from Allah to them will be His anger.’ I (the narrator) then said, ‘Among us there is a group of people who believe that you are messengers and they read to us from the Holy Quran: “O messengers, eat of the good things and do righteousness; surely I know the things you do.”’ (23:51) “The Imam said, ‘O Sadir, my hearing, my sight, my skin, my flesh, my blood and my hair all disdain such people, and Allah and His Messenger also disdain them. They do not follow my religion and the religion of my ancestors. By Allah, Allah will not place me with them on the Day of Judgment. The only thing from Allah toward them will be His anger.’ “I (the narrator) then asked, ‘What are you then?’ The Imam said, ‘We are the treasuries of the knowledge of Allah. We are the translators of the commands of Allah. We are infallible people. Allah, the Most Holy, the Most High, has commanded people to obey us and prohibited them from disobeying us. We are well advocated Divine Authority over all that is below the heavens and above the earth.’”

52وَإِنَّ هَٰذِهِ أُمَّتُكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأَنَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاتَّقُونِ
23|52|This nation of yours is one nation, and I am your Lord, so fear Me.
53فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُم بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُرًا ۖ كُلُّ حِزْبٍ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ فَرِحُونَ
23|53|But they tore themselves into sects; each party happy with what they have.
54فَذَرْهُمْ فِي غَمْرَتِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ حِينٍ
23|54|So leave them in their bewilderment until a time.
55أَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّمَا نُمِدُّهُم بِهِ مِن مَّالٍ وَبَنِينَ
23|55|Do they assume that, in furnishing them with wealth and children.
56نُسَارِعُ لَهُمْ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ ۚ بَل لَّا يَشْعُرُونَ
23|56|We race to give them the good things? In fact, they have no idea.
57إِنَّ الَّذِينَ هُم مِّنْ خَشْيَةِ رَبِّهِم مُّشْفِقُونَ
23|57|Those who, from awe of their Lord, are fearful.
58وَالَّذِينَ هُم بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ
23|58|And those who believe in their Lord’s Verses.
59وَالَّذِينَ هُم بِرَبِّهِمْ لَا يُشْرِكُونَ
23|59|And those who associate no partners with their Lord.
60وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْتُونَ مَا آتَوا وَّقُلُوبُهُمْ وَجِلَةٌ أَنَّهُمْ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ رَاجِعُونَ
23|60|And those who give what they give, while their hearts quake, knowing that to their Lord they will return.
61أُولَٰئِكَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَهُمْ لَهَا سَابِقُونَ
23|61|It is they who race towards goodness. It is they who will reach it first.
62وَلَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا ۖ وَلَدَيْنَا كِتَابٌ يَنطِقُ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ
23|62|We never burden any soul beyond its capacity. And with Us is a record that tells the truth, and they will not be wronged.
63بَلْ قُلُوبُهُمْ فِي غَمْرَةٍ مِّنْ هَٰذَا وَلَهُمْ أَعْمَالٌ مِّن دُونِ ذَٰلِكَ هُمْ لَهَا عَامِلُونَ
23|63|But their hearts are puzzled because of this; and they have deeds that do not conform to this, which they continue to perpetrate.
64حَتَّىٰ إِذَا أَخَذْنَا مُتْرَفِيهِم بِالْعَذَابِ إِذَا هُمْ يَجْأَرُونَ
23|64|Until, when We seize the decadent among them with torment, they begin to groan.
65لَا تَجْأَرُوا الْيَوْمَ ۖ إِنَّكُم مِّنَّا لَا تُنصَرُونَ
23|65|Do not groan today. You will receive no help from Us.
66قَدْ كَانَتْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَكُنتُمْ عَلَىٰ أَعْقَابِكُمْ تَنكِصُونَ
23|66|My Verses were recited to you, but you turned back on your heels.
67مُسْتَكْبِرِينَ بِهِ سَامِرًا تَهْجُرُونَ
23|67|Arrogant towards it—talked nonsense about it—disregarded it.
68أَفَلَمْ يَدَّبَّرُوا الْقَوْلَ أَمْ جَاءَهُم مَّا لَمْ يَأْتِ آبَاءَهُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
23|68|Have they not pondered the Word? Or has there come to them what came not to their forefathers of old?
69أَمْ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوا رَسُولَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَهُ مُنكِرُونَ
23|69|Or is it that they did not recognize their messenger, so they are denying him?
70أَمْ يَقُولُونَ بِهِ جِنَّةٌ ۚ بَلْ جَاءَهُم بِالْحَقِّ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَارِهُونَ
23|70|Or do they say, “He is possessed?” In fact, he brought them the truth, but most of them hate the truth.
71وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهِنَّ ۚ بَلْ أَتَيْنَاهُم بِذِكْرِهِمْ فَهُمْ عَن ذِكْرِهِم مُّعْرِضُونَ
23|71|If the truth conformed to their desires, the heavens, the earth, and everyone in them would have gone to ruin. In fact, We have given them their message, but they keep avoiding their message.
72أَمْ تَسْأَلُهُمْ خَرْجًا فَخَرَاجُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ ۖ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ
23|72|Or are you asking them for a payment? The revenue from your Lord is better, and He is the Best of providers.
73وَإِنَّكَ لَتَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ
23|73|You are inviting them to a straight path.
74وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ لَنَاكِبُونَ
23|74|But those who do not believe in the Hereafter are swerving from the path.
75۞ وَلَوْ رَحِمْنَاهُمْ وَكَشَفْنَا مَا بِهِم مِّن ضُرٍّ لَّلَجُّوا فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ
23|75|Even if We had mercy on them, and relieved their problems, they would still blindly persist in their defiance.
76وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَاهُم بِالْعَذَابِ فَمَا اسْتَكَانُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ وَمَا يَتَضَرَّعُونَ
23|76|We have already gripped them with suffering, but they did not surrender to their Lord, nor did they humble themselves.

H 3107, CH 14, h 2

Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr from abu Ayyub from Muhammad ibn Muslim who has said the following: “Once I asked abu Ja’far, recipient of divine supreme covenant, about the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Holy, ‘. . . but they did not ‘Istakanu (submit themselves to their Lord,) nor did they make themselves humble (yatadarra’un).’ (23:76) The Imam said, ‘Al-‘Istikana, means humility and altadarru’ means raising both hands and begging for help from (Allah) with both hands.’”

77حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَابًا ذَا عَذَابٍ شَدِيدٍ إِذَا هُمْ فِيهِ مُبْلِسُونَ
23|77|Until, when We have opened before them a gate of intense agony, at once they will despair.
78وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنشَأَ لَكُمُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصَارَ وَالْأَفْئِدَةَ ۚ قَلِيلًا مَّا تَشْكُرُونَ
23|78|It is He who produced for you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the feelings. But little gratitude you show.
79وَهُوَ الَّذِي ذَرَأَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ
23|79|And it is He who multiplied you on earth, and to Him you will be gathered.
80وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَلَهُ اخْتِلَافُ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ
23|80|And it is He who gives life and brings death, and to Him is the alternation of night and day. Do you not understand?
81بَلْ قَالُوا مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ الْأَوَّلُونَ
23|81|But they say the like of what the ancients said.
82قَالُوا أَإِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَإِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ
23|82|They say, “After we have died, and become dust and bones, will we be resurrected?
83لَقَدْ وُعِدْنَا نَحْنُ وَآبَاؤُنَا هَٰذَا مِن قَبْلُ إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
23|83|We were promised this before—we and our ancestors—these are nothing but legends of the ancients.”
84قُل لِّمَنِ الْأَرْضُ وَمَن فِيهَا إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
23|84|Say, “To whom does the earth belong, and everyone in it, if you happen to know?”
85سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ
23|85|They will say, “To God.” Say, “Will you not reflect?”
86قُلْ مَن رَّبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ
23|86|Say, “Who is the Lord of the seven heavens, and Lord of the Splendid Throne?”
87سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ
23|87|They will say, “To God.” Say, “Will you not become righteous?”
88قُلْ مَن بِيَدِهِ مَلَكُوتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
23|88|Say, “In whose hand is the dominion of all things, and He protects and cannot be protected from, if you happen to know?”
89سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ فَأَنَّىٰ تُسْحَرُونَ
23|89|They will say, “To God.” Say, “Then are you bewitched?”
90بَلْ أَتَيْنَاهُم بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ
23|90|In fact, We have given them the truth, and they are liars.
91مَا اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ مِن وَلَدٍ وَمَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ إِلَٰهٍ ۚ إِذًا لَّذَهَبَ كُلُّ إِلَٰهٍ بِمَا خَلَقَ وَلَعَلَا بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ
23|91|God has never begotten a son, nor is there any god besides Him. Otherwise, each god would have taken away what it has created, and some of them would have gained supremacy over others. Glory be to God, far beyond what they describe.
92عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
23|92|The Knower of the hidden and the manifest. He is exalted, far above what they associate.

H 315, Ch. 16, h11 Ahmad ibn Mihran has narrated from ‘Abd al-‘Azim ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Hassani from Ali ibn Asbat. From Sulayman Mawla Tirbal from Hisham al-Jawaliqi who said the following: “Once I asked abu ‘Abd Allah, recipient of divine supreme covenant, about the meaning of the words of Allah, the Majestic, the Glorious, Glorious Allah (Quran, 12:108, 23:91, 28:68, 37:159, 52:43, 59:23). The Imam replied, ‘They refer to Allah’s being above all things in perfection.’”

93قُل رَّبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّي مَا يُوعَدُونَ
23|93|Say, “My Lord, if You would show me what they are promised.
94رَبِّ فَلَا تَجْعَلْنِي فِي الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
23|94|My Lord, do not place me among the wicked people.”
95وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ أَن نُّرِيَكَ مَا نَعِدُهُمْ لَقَادِرُونَ
23|95|We are surely Able to show you what We promise them.
96ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ السَّيِّئَةَ ۚ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَصِفُونَ
23|96|Repel evil by what is better. We are aware of what they describe.
97وَقُل رَّبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ هَمَزَاتِ الشَّيَاطِينِ
23|97|And say, “My Lord, I seek refuge with You from the urgings of the devils.
98وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ أَن يَحْضُرُونِ
23|98|And I seek refuge with You, my Lord, lest they become present.”
99حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَاءَ أَحَدَهُمُ الْمَوْتُ قَالَ رَبِّ ارْجِعُونِ
23|99|Until, when death comes to one of them, he says, “My Lord, send me back.

H 5709, Ch. 2, h 3 Yunus has narrated from Ali ibn abu Hamzah from abu Basir who has said the following: “Abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, has said that if one refuses to pay even a Qirat of zakat, he is not a believer or a Muslim and this is mentioned in the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, as follows: ‘. . . Lord, allow me to go back so I can do good deeds in what I have left. . . .’(23:99-100)” “In another Hadith it is said, ‘His Salat (prayer) is not accepted.’”

H 5717, Ch. 2, h 11 Ahmad ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ali ibn al-Husayn from Wahab ibn Hafs from abu Basir who has said the following: “I heard abu ‘Abd Allah, ‘Alayhi al-Salam, say, ‘One who refuses to pay zakat, on the time of his death asks to be returned to life again and this is referred to in the words of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, “. . . Lord, allow me to go back so I can do good deeds in what I have left. . .”’” (23:99-100)

100لَعَلِّي أَعْمَلُ صَالِحًا فِيمَا تَرَكْتُ ۚ كَلَّا ۚ إِنَّهَا كَلِمَةٌ هُوَ قَائِلُهَا ۖ وَمِن وَرَائِهِم بَرْزَخٌ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ
23|100|That I may do right in what I have neglected.” By no means! It is just a word that he utters. And behind them is a barrier, until the Day they are resurrected.

Here partition is the Barzakh.

101فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَلَا أَنسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلَا يَتَسَاءَلُونَ
23|101|When the Horn is blown, no relations between them will exist on that Day, and they will not ask after one another.
102فَمَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
23|102|Those whose scales are heavy—those are the successful.
103وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ فَأُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ فِي جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدُونَ
23|103|But those whose scales are light—those are they who have lost their souls; in Hell they will dwell forever.
104تَلْفَحُ وُجُوهَهُمُ النَّارُ وَهُمْ فِيهَا كَالِحُونَ
23|104|The Fire lashes their faces, and therein they grimace.
105أَلَمْ تَكُنْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَكُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ
23|105|“Were not My revelations recited to you, and you kept on rejecting them?”
106قَالُوا رَبَّنَا غَلَبَتْ عَلَيْنَا شِقْوَتُنَا وَكُنَّا قَوْمًا ضَالِّينَ
23|106|They will say, “Our Lord, our wretchedness prevailed over us, and we were a people astray.
107رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْهَا فَإِنْ عُدْنَا فَإِنَّا ظَالِمُونَ
23|107|Our Lord! Bring us out of this. If we ever returned, we would truly be evil.”

H 395, Ch. 30, h4 Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from Isma‘il ibn Marrar from Yunus ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman who has said that abu al-Hassan al-Rida, recipient of divine supreme covenant, said to me the following: “O Yunus do not say what pre-determinists say. The predeterminists do not say what people of paradise say or what people of hell say or what Satan says. The people of paradise say, ‘. . . all praise is due to Allah for His guiding us. We could never have been guided without Allah’s guiding us.’ (7:43) The people of hell say, ‘Lord, our misfortune overwhelmed us and we became lost,’ (23:107) and Satan said, ‘My Lord for your making me to rebel . . .’ (15:39) “I then said, ‘I swear by Allah that I do not say what they say but I only say that there will be nothing unless Allah will want, will, measure and decree.’ The Imam, recipient of divine supreme covenant, said, ‘O Yunus, it is not that, ‘there will be nothing unless Allah will want, will, measure and decree.’ O Yunus, do you know what is want?’ I said, ‘No, I do not know.’ The Imam said, ‘It is the first mention of something. Do you know what is will?’ I said, ‘No, I do not know.’ The Imam said, ‘It is the intention to do something. Do you know what measurement is?’ I said, ‘No, I do not know.’ The Imam said, ‘It is the figure, the position, the limits of survival and extinction.’

“The Imam further said, ‘The decree is the readiness and the production of substance.’ I then asked permission to kiss his head and said, ‘You just opened for me something of which I was unaware.’”

108قَالَ اخْسَئُوا فِيهَا وَلَا تُكَلِّمُونِ
23|108|He will say, “Be despised therein, and do not speak to Me.
109إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَرِيقٌ مِّنْ عِبَادِي يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
23|109|There was a group of My servants who would say, `Our Lord, we have believed, so forgive us, and have mercy on us; You are the Best of the merciful.’
110فَاتَّخَذْتُمُوهُمْ سِخْرِيًّا حَتَّىٰ أَنسَوْكُمْ ذِكْرِي وَكُنتُم مِّنْهُمْ تَضْحَكُونَ
23|110|But you made then a target of ridicule, until they made you forget My remembrance; and you used to laugh at them.
111إِنِّي جَزَيْتُهُمُ الْيَوْمَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ
23|111|Today, I have rewarded them for their endurance. They are the ones who are the triumphant.”
112قَالَ كَمْ لَبِثْتُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ عَدَدَ سِنِينَ
23|112|He will say, “How many years did you remain on earth?”
113قَالُوا لَبِثْنَا يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ فَاسْأَلِ الْعَادِّينَ
23|113|They will say, “We remained a day, or part of a day; but ask those who keep count.”
114قَالَ إِن لَّبِثْتُمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ۖ لَّوْ أَنَّكُمْ كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
23|114|He will say, “You remained only for a little while, if you only knew.
115أَفَحَسِبْتُمْ أَنَّمَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ عَبَثًا وَأَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْنَا لَا تُرْجَعُونَ
23|115|Did you think that We created you in vain, and that to Us you will not be returned?”
116فَتَعَالَى اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْكَرِيمِ
23|116|So Exalted is God, the Ruler, the Real. There is no god except He, the Lord of the Noble Throne.
117وَمَن يَدْعُ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا آخَرَ لَا بُرْهَانَ لَهُ بِهِ فَإِنَّمَا حِسَابُهُ عِندَ رَبِّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الْكَافِرُونَ
23|117|Whoever invokes another god besides God—he has no proof thereof—his reckoning rests with his Lord. The disbelievers will not succeed.
118وَقُل رَّبِّ اغْفِرْ وَارْحَمْ وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
23|118|And say, “My Lord, forgive and have mercy, for You are the Best of the merciful.”